Essay on Ericksons 8 Stages of Life - 2832 Words

Erikson’s 8 Stages- 1 Erikson’s 8 Stages of life PSY 240 February 10, 2012 Erikson’s 8 Stages- 2 It is human to have a long childhood; it is civilized to have an even longer childhood. Long childhood makes a technical and mental virtuoso out of man, but it also leaves a life-long residue of emotional immaturity in him. This was a quote stated by Erik Homburger Erikson the creator of the 8 stages of life. Erikson believed life is organized into eight different stages that start from they day you are born and continue until the day you die (Harder). Since adult life tends to last longer then childhood or teen years Erikson broke down the stages in experiences naming them young adult, middle aged adults, and older adults†¦show more content†¦Erikson’s 8 Stages- 4 This stage of life is also a stage that was too long ago to remember, and my daughter has yet to reach this age, but I have dealt with children of this age when I was a dance teacher, and autonomy is a huge factor in a child’s life. When I was teaching dance my three year olds thought they knew everything and they were quick to tell me â€Å"NO†. I also experienced shame and guilt in my class. I had a little girl and she just could not seem to copy what I was doing, and I could tell she was starting to upset herself. I walked over to her and worked with her until she had the dance move perfectly, and that shame and guilt she was feeling for not getting the move down quickly went away. She was that happy independent three year old that walked into my classroom. Even at a young age independence is highly noticeable but guilt can take over a child in seconds. That is why it is our job as adults and parents to make a child as happy and confident as possible. Play Age: 3 to 5 years initiative vs. guilt According to Arlene F. Harder, â€Å"During this period we experience a desire to copy the adults around us and take initiative in creating play situations. We make up stories with Barbies and Kens, toy phones and miniature cars, playing out roles in a trial universe, experimenting with the blueprint for what we believe it means to be an adult. (Harder)† Erikson stated that in this stage we normally become involved in anShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson’s Eight Stages of Development Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesIn Erik Erikson’s theory he explains that in every stage, a positive or a negative attitude is developed within an individual. During our developing stages we are either successful or we fail. Each stage will come to us whether or not we’re ready for them or not. You can think of the stages as learning stages where crisis occur .Only if we have learned from the previous crisis we are successful. You cannot a void 1 stage and move to a next stage because of the developing process. The outcome of ourRead MoreErickson s Theory On The 8 Stages Of Development Essay1143 Words   |  5 PagesErick Erickson was a German psychoanalyst who was heavily influenced by the works of Sigmund Freud (Erickson 2016). Erickson’s theory on the 8 stages of development are based around three parts of identity: social identity, personal identity (the differences between one person and another) and the identity of self. Freud exemplifies the conflict between id (the instinctive component of personality) and the superego (morals of society that are learned), whilst Erickson focuses on the role of cultureRead MoreErikson s Theory Of Social Involvement Across The Entire Lifespan Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagespreviously linked only with childhood. One of the first theorists Erik Erickson felt that development continues throughout life. Erickson believes that each stage in life resembles to specific opport unities that the society might have. Erickson’s theory defines the impact of social involvement across the entire lifespan. Each stage of Erikson’s stages is unique in their own way. Erikson decided to present eight different stages of the psychosocial crisis for almost each age group. According to NewmanRead MoreTheories Of Theories And Theories752 Words   |  4 Pagesthat describe the development as a series of psychological stages. He clarified what occur during each stage and how they can have a long time effect on our behavior we fail to move across these stages properly. Freud’s psychoanalytic personality theory have three main component, the Id, ego and superego which work together to make a complex human behavior. Freud’s work have influence many other thinkers such as Fred Adler and Erickson. Adler believes that our behavior derived from our need forRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology : The Stages Of Development1191 Words   |  5 Pages2015 Erickson Essay Erick Erickson, a German psychoanalyst created a theory called the Stages of Development, which consist of eight phases. As a person passes though each stage they will attempt to resolve crises that are important to the process of life. These eight stages include building a sense of trust in others, discovering a sense of self, as well as preparing the forthcoming generation for the future. Since everyone is unique in their own way, we will all experience Erickson’s 8-Stage LifeRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Human Development1712 Words   |  7 Pagesfive, Erik Erickson s (1902-1994) theory focuses on psychosocial development. That being said, psychosocial development is a theory made more specifically for children as they grow to adulthood based on what they ve seen and think from their parents, peers, and their upcoming experiences. He believed that a person s childhood is the important aspect in developing personality. Although, he accepted many of Freud s theories , such as Ego and his theory in infantile sexuality, Erickson did rejectedRead MoreErick Erickson : Identity And Identity1885 Words   |  8 Pages Erick Erickson, identity was the core issue, his own sense of self were complex. His attractive mother Karla Abrahamsen, she was Danish from a very comfortable, middle class Jewish family. On their honeymoon in Rome, she parted from her first husband. He traveled abroad and she never seen him again. Erickson was born a few years later in Germany in 1902, where she stayed with some aunts. Erickson never knew who his biological father was. His mother would never tell them (Erick Erickson, sharperRead MoreImportance Of Volunteering At Pine Meadow Elementary School1241 Words   |  5 PagesI am volunteering at Pine Meadow Elementary School. I volunteer from 8:30 – 9:50 in the morning every Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday. I am in Ms. Wurzbergers room and she teaches kindergarten class that consists of children ages 5-6. There are 20 children in the classroom with one teacher. One of the kids has a special teacher he walks around with all the time but they are not usually in the classroom. The classroom is set up with 4 tables spread around the room with 5 chairs at each tableRead MoreThe Psychosocial Theory Of Human Development832 Words   |  4 Pagesthat take place through eight stages. In fact, Erikson’s theory was influenced by his experience in analyzing and studying of various types of people from various backgrounds and culture. Thus, Erikson believed that human life evolved through experiencing life crisis in each of the eight stages of development. Moreover, it is through the experiences of life crisis and their eventual resolution that allows individuals to continue to grow. According to Erikson, life crisis symbolized a time whenRead MoreErikson s Theory For Psychosocial Development1000 Words   |  4 Pagessocial conflicts, and environmental factors. In the psychosocial model tha t Erikson created, it places people into eight stages. In order for someone to move on to the next stage, they must first overcome the conflict presented to them in the stage that they are in. A well-established identity will get stronger the more that conflict is successfully resolved. The eight stages are basic trust versus mistrust, autonomy versus shame and doubt, initiative verses guilt, industry versus inferiority, identity

A Brief Note On Anorexia And Bulimia Nervosa - 1561 Words

In today s western society, an abundance of factors contribute to the way one thinks and feels about themselves physically, and essentially how one would act upon this. All over the world, messages and images of skinny women are engrossing people s lives, leaving negative and long-lasting affects behind. Current beliefs of western culture suggest one must obtain a perfect, which has become analogous to thin, physique in order to achieve happiness and success, causing many young women to feel negatively about themselves and potentially leading to dangerous eating disorders. Certain factors and beliefs of western culture, including the obsession with thinness, influence of the media, and society s backlash against feminism, all play a†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, those suffering from eating disorders experience restricted daily life activities. These eating disorders should not be ignored as it is evident that they are malicious and can take over one s life. It does no t help that standards of beauty are depicted as anorexic, making it difficult for the victim to recognize and overcome their illness. There is no one factor that is responsible for eating disorders, but rather several. A loss of self identity, poor self esteem, perfectionism, maturity fears, personality, genetics, and family dynamics are all factors that can play a role in contributing to these disorders(Lackstrom, 2014). Whether one feels as if they are always dependent on someone, has a failure to form an identity, or possesses a need for being perfect, this can lead to an eating disorder. It is these factors, alone or in combination, influenced by western culture that can shape an individual s vulnerability or predisposition to such illnesses. Eating disorders affect people of all races, classes, sexes, and ages. However, the vast majority of those affected are young women. Anorexia and bulimia commonly begin during adolescence or young adulthood, rarely affecting women over the age of forty. As stated in the Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM), there is an an approximately 10:1 female-to-male ratio, of those affected with

Australian Policy and Monetary Policy Effectiveness

Question: Discuss abot theAustralian Policy and Monetary Policy Effectiveness. Answer: Introduction This paper will focus on a particular country and then see how the Central bank policies are overall impacting the situation in the country. The country of choice for this paper is Australia and the Central bank of the country is known as Reserve Bank of Australia. The paper will evaluate the objective and roles of the Central Bank and then look into the various macroeconomic indicators of Australia. Then the paper will explore the recent comments by Treasurer Mr. Morrison on the effectiveness of the monetary policy and finally paper will provide some recommendation which the country can look up to in the current scenario. Role of Central Bank in the Economy In this paper the country I have chosen for my assessment is Australia. The central bank of the country is known as Reserve Bank of Australia. The main objective of the Reserve Bank of Australia is guided by the Banking Act which was passed in 1959 (Cao, 2015). The main objective of RBA is to control inflation and maintain proper currency flow in the economy of the country. The other objective which overall guides the main objective is to maintain financial stability in the country and maintain high level of employment for the residents of the country. The banking act passed in 1959 is the governing regulation for RBA. The regulations of the Banking Act impose certain methods which can be used by RBA to perform its objective. The Central theme of these methods is the monetary policy stance which RBA need to work on. The monetary policy stance which the bank takes helps in determining the cash rate in the economy and in turn controls the money supply in the country. The ultra-lose mon ey policy is indicative of the fact that RBA is having focus on increasing money supply, increasing purchasing power and also to provide necessary push to the growth in the economy. On the flip side, tight monetary policy is indicative of controlling the money supply, reducing the inflation and also to control the excess liquidity in the system. The central bank of the country, Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) is also responsible under the banking act to keep zero level of unemployment. This is a kind of ideal situation and in the practical world scenario the RBA is not able to meet that target. The primary role of RBA is to control inflation in the economy and maintain the financial stability of the country. RBA acts as the banker to the Government and all Governments banking need are taken care off by RBA. The tools available with the RBA are the monetary policy action and maintaining the currency flow in the country. As per the act the roles of RBA are broadly defined under three categories. These three broad categories are stability of the currency in the country; maintenance of employment in the country; and finally work for the economic prosperity of the residents (Manalo, 2015). Mr. Morrisons View on Effectiveness of Monetary Policy In this article, Treasurer Mr. Morrison highlights that in current situation how the central bank has reached a limit whereby it cannot reduce the interest rate further. He also argues that in the era of low interest rate, in some cases negative interest rate, monetary policy has lost its power to influence any major changes in the economy. He highlights that this is one of the major concerns which all major economies are facing in the current situation. The current cash rate in the economy is standing at 1.5%. However, Mr. Morrison also stated that his statement should not be taken up as a concern for RBAs independence but is only indicative of the fact that rates wont reduce any further in the coming times. The concern of the treasurer are pretty accurate, the ability of central banks all over the world to transmit policy actions to last mile in the population is questioned. Let us also take an example of India, where Central Bank has reduced benchmark rates by 1.5% in last 18 mont hs, but commercial banks have only been able to transmit some 0.60% to 0.75% to the consumers and corporates. This is happening across the world, take example of Europe which is facing constant period of deflation for last two years and even negative interest rates are not able to spur up demand. In a recent interview, the treasures Scott Morrison signaled that Reserve Bank of Australia now has limited capacity left to reduce interest rate any further (Robinson, 2015). He argued that in the world of such low interest rates, in some cases even negative interest rates, the monetary policy as a tool as lost its effectiveness. The ability of the monetary policy to create an impact and then influence matter in the economy is diminishing at a faster rate (Cao, 2015). He clarified in the same interview that he is not even questioning RBAs independence and his comments are not in that regard, but the current economic system has exhausted the effectiveness of the rate cut. Discussion on Effectiveness of the Monetary Policy Mr. Morrison in the article highlights how effectiveness of the monetary policy is diminishing across the world. I believe in the current situation this holds true. In a recent paper by IMF, the writer singles out Folk theorem and highlights how the increasing dependence on interest rate and quantitative easing to bring out a country of economic doldrums is nowadays yielding mixed results. The interest rate is increasing become highly ineffective, however quantitative easing is still yielding mixed results. The paper has done detailed study on different countries and the prevailing scenario in those economies. Some of the limitations which are now visible in developed economies are deflation and liquidity traps. Euro zone is a classic example of how the region is facing deflation and is not able to come out of it even after strong quantitative easing support and negative interest rate. Markets all over the world dont function as silos anymore (Manalo, 2015). The interlinking of trade , growth in globalisation has made all central banks to be dependent on one another. The central banks all over the world are dependent on each other and stance which they hold. Monetary policy tends to become ineffective if the discussion has no orientation and synchronization with what is happening in the world outside. Concern on the Long-Term Rating of the Country In current times Australia is also facing a concern related to long term rating of the country. Six months back global credit rating agency Standard Poors reduced the investing outlook of the country from stable to negative. The rating agency at that time has warned the Government that there is an urgent need to reduce the budgetary deficit which was rising at alarming rate. Currently SP has again warned the country that they might downgrade the rating of the country from AAA. This is cause of worry for the country as the rating downgrade will hurt the investment outlook and in turn will also impact the cost of borrowing. This will also increase the risk premia that foreign investors will demand from Australian investments. The increase in risk premia means the country wont be kept in same bracket of investment as it was used to be. It is only six months back when SP lowered the credit rating outlook of the country from stable to negative. This was the first such strong warning from the rating agency stating that AAA status was under visible threat. The rating agency warranted such action with rationale that country need to address is budgeted deficit. The key problem identified by SP is not the Federal debt, it is the record housing debt which the country is facing. This debt is significantly funded from the overseas market and as per rating agency this is one of the biggest risk that the country is facing (Manalo, 2015). At one end of the spectrum there is a requirement to push for growth so that savings can increase, however on the flip side the rate cutting capacity of RBA has diminished. Coupled with that even if RBA does a rate cut, effectiveness of the same is really doubtful in Australian economy. Major Economic Indicators Some of the major indicators for the current state of Australian economy are: As per the last available data on the GDP, the country has grown by 3.3% in The inflation in the economy has averaged at 1.3% The cash rate maintained by RBA stand at 1.5% The population of the country stood at 24.1 million and it is growing with an annual growth rate of 1.4% Unemployment rate in the economy stood at 5.6% and around 12 million people are currently employed in the system The services remain as the largest contributor to the Gross Domestic product with its share standing at 59%, followed by 9% in the construction sector, 7% in manufacturing, 6% in mining and 5% in retail trade If one looks at the debt levels of the country, they would be able to visualise the real risk matrix of the country. It is not the government debt which is the cause of worry, it is the debt which has been provided by foreign entities to housing sectors and the dominant commodity sectors. This is the biggest risk concern which has been raised by global rating agencies. The housing market is facing lot of trouble, the demands are muted; people are seeing foreclosures as the only option and new demand is not turning up to prepare for the cash flow of the previous demand. The global issues are hurting the country and hence monetary policy easing stance has been maintained for long. Some of the major global issues which have hurt the economy in recent times are Brexit and the outcome of the United States presidential election. Both the results have not been in favour of investor expectations and that is one of the major reasons why fund outflow has taken place from investment destinations like Australia (Cao, 2015). What are the Estimates of Growth for the Country? As per OECD estimates the growth is expected to be 3% in 2018. There wont be any strong inflationary pressure in the economy as even some fall in unemployment rates will only reduce inequality. The OECD expects monetary policy tightening to start from the end of 2017 and this is in line with the stance of majority of developed nation. The monetary policy tightening is a necessity as per OECD, as it will unwind the current tension due to low interest rate environment, establishing some control on the situation in the housing market. The Government of Australia is looking forward to a strong period of fiscal consolidation. Some of the structural reforms which the government should implement are improvement in the tax structure. What are the GlobalIssues which are Hurting the Economy? The global issues like Brexit and outcome of United States Presidential election has increased the overall volatility in the global financial markets. Markets dont like uncertain environment and both these events have increased the quotient of uncertainty in the system. On the Brexit issue, markets want to see how the exit happens and what the terms under which it will happen are. Some of the critical question which Brexit has raised are; whether the Euro survive as a region with single common currency post Brexit; will other countries follow the same suit as happened with Britain; what will be the economic impact of Brexit; how will be the overall trade impacted from Brexit. On the other side unexpected win of the Republican candidate Donald Trump in the recently concluded United States election has again increased overall uncertainty quotient in the system. Some of the concerns which market foresee are; Whether globalisation will reduce in Trump era; what will happen with trade rel ations and pact which exist with Japan and China; what will be stance of Trump for the outsourcing industry; will the developed economies like United States become more closed in the upcoming times. These global issues are few of the major issues which the Government and RBA are facing. The Government is not in a position to reduce fiscal deficit by curbing spending as private capex is not picking up and it is the public spending which has driven the growth in the recent times. Coupled with this problem, RBA is not in a situation to provide any further rate cut because of long period of ultra-lose monetary policy. This double whammy on the economy of Australia is one of the prime problems which the country is facing. Industries and the related lobbies have been asking for low cost of borrowing so that next part of private capex can start. However the duration of lose monetary policy has already stayed for long and the current environment needs some tightening or status quo maintenance. The credit rating agencies are asking the Government of Australia to tighten the fiscal spending so that the deficit can be lowered. There main concern rises from the kind of debt which the housing market is standing on. Coupled with that the situation in the commodity market is also not improving and the Government is also not able to clearly predict the kind of pricing the key commodities in the country will be seeing in the near term. This is generally not the case but the global factors are definitely having its say and are raising the concern with the country. Authorised Deposit Institutes and their Workings Authorised deposit institutes in Australia are corporations which are governed under Banking Act, 1959 of the country. They are authorised to take deposits from the customers and hence governed by the Act. These institutions include the banks, credit unions and building societies. They effectively manage liquidity, interest rate risk in similar manner as the banks and other money market related companies. However if they are not operating as banks the reporting standards are different and format of working is also significantly different. Recommendation Some of the recommendation which the country can look forward to is releasing bonds in different denomination to take care of dollar denominated debt in the housing market. Once the housing market sees signs of revival, then the next step is to start monetary tightening and also focus on reducing fiscal deficit. The reduction in fiscal deficit and improvement in housing market scenario, will pave ways to avoid any rating downgrade. Hopefully the global environment during this period would be stable and there wont be any additional risk. Conclusion Monetary policy as a tool for establishing control over the financial stability of the country has lost it means by some degree due to impact of globalisation, more demand oriented economies. This is the prime reason why countries like Australia, European region are seeing that current monetary policy measures or quantitative easing is not leading to desired results. As per the FORK theory developed by wall street journal IMF this is increasingly becoming a challenge and still quantitative easing is helping matters but cash rates are seeing reduced impact. Recently markets all over the world has turned volatile due to the impact of Brexit and also due to the outcome of the recently concluded United States Presidential election. The victory of Republican candidate has increased the volatility of the system. This is one of the reason why policy actions and budget repair actions taken by Australian government has not been so effective. The reduction in fiscal deficit and improvement in housing market scenario, will pave ways to avoid any rating downgrade. References Cao, L., Hosking, A., Kouparitsas, M., Mullaly, D., Rimmer, X., Shi, Q., Stark, W. and Wende, S., 2015. Understanding the economy-wide efficiency and incidence of major Australian taxes.Treasury WP,1 Georgiadis, G. and Mehl, A., 2015. Trilemma, not dilemma: financial globalisation and Monetary policy effectiveness Hanif, M.N. and Iqbal, J., 2016.Assessing Monetary Policy Effectiveness in Rich Data Environment(No. 80). State Bank of Pakistan, Research Department Imam, P.A., 2015. Shock from graying: Is the demographic shift weakening monetary policy effectiveness.International Journal of Finance Economics,20(2), pp.138-154 Manalo, J., Perera, D. and Rees, D.M., 2015. Exchange rate movements and the Australian economy.Economic Modelling,47, pp.53-62 Rees, D.M., Smith, P. and Hall, J., 2016. A Multi?sector Model of the Australian Economy.Economic Record Rey, H., 2015.Dilemma not trilemma: the global financial cycle and monetary policy independence(No. w21162). National Bureau of Economic Research Robinson, T., Tsiaplias, S. and Nguyen, V.H., 2015. The Australian Economy in 201415: An Economy in Transition.Australian Economic Review,48(1), pp.1-14 Sheen, J., Trck, S. and Wang, B.Z., 2015. Daily Business and External Condition Indices for the Australian Economy.Economic Record,91(S1), pp.38-53 Sims, C.A., 2016, August. Fiscal Policy, Monetary Policy and Central Bank Independence. InDesigning Resilient Monetary Policy Frameworks for the Future: A Symposium Sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Wu, J.C. and Xia, F.D., 2016. Measuring the macroeconomic impact of monetary policy at the zero lower bound.Journal of Money, Credit and Banking,48(2-3), pp.253-291 Zhang, H.E., 2015.The sustainability of European Monetary Union. Evidence from business cycle synchronisation, monetary policy effectiveness and the Euro fiscal dividend(Doctoral dissertation, University of Bradford)

Pros Cons free essay sample

Most wireline phone companies charge more than what youd pay for most alternatives, and some are taxed more as well. There are some locations where getting new wired phone service is prohibitively expensive or even impossible. Long Distance and extra features like Call Waiting are normally included with alternative phones. More Features: Cellular and broadband phones normally include Long Distance, Voice Mail, Caller ID, Call Forwarding and more, usually at no additional charge. They also have Text Messaging and various forms of data service which are unavailable with a landline. Portability: If you move your home more than average (or if its on wheels), your phone and your number can stay with you. There are no installation charges. Temporary Usage: You can have phone service for the season in a vacation home or cabin, or on an extended stay at a hotel or home of a friend or relative without installing a separate line. We will write a custom essay sample on Pros Cons or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Unlimited Plans: Most alternatives offer a plan that includes Unlimited talk minutes and Long Distance, including cellular. Most cellular carriers have eliminated Unlimited Data plans, although there are some that include Data with some other restrictions. Anonymity: You can easily set up an account (especially prepaid cellular) with either no name or an alternative identity. Fewer Telemarketers: Nuisance calls are reduced because telemarketers want to target customers in certain geographic areas. They wont know where you are. Most telcos provide your landline number to telemarketers. With cellular its illegal for now. With broadband, it depends on the carrier who sets up your number. Internet Access: Your wireless phone can also be your connection to the Internet, either with an internal browser or tethered to your computer, and available wherever there is cellular coverage. Wireless broadband is also available separate from your cellular account. Wi-Fi for Multiple Devices: You can get a cellular modem that provides a wi-fi signal that can connect to up to 5 separate wi-fi devices. Its Green: Replace your fax with an Internet-based fax service like eFax or MyFax. com and stop wasting paper and ink. (Give your old fax to charity) Attitude: Some wired phone companies just treat their customers badly. Sometimes it feels better to leave at any price. Take your broadband wherever you go A mobile broadband connection is exactly that, which means that you can access your emails, check the sports results or watch YouTube videos no matter where you are, provided you have 3G reception. Stop paying for line rental Millions of people continue to pay for line rental on a home phone landline that they rarely use, just so that they can get broadband at home. With mobile broadband, theres no need to pay line rental potentially saving you over ? 100 a year. Plug and play technology All the software you need to connect to the internet is automatically installed when you first plug your USB modem into your laptop no need to set it up or call a technical support helpline. Flexible options available Mobile broadband customers can take advantage of some really great pay as you go tariffs from as little as ? 2 a day, or rolling one-month packages, meaning they only ever pay for what they actually need. Cons: Safety: If you need to call 911, public safety authorities wont automatically know where you are, youll have to tell them. Also, calls with alternative phones will not necessarily be routed to the closest agency. Also, you wont receive Reverse 911 calls alerting you to a public emergency in your neighborhood unless your local emergency center allows you to sign up your number and associate it with a local address. Security: Some businesses will not allow you to use their services without a traceable land line. This includes credit card companies, pizza shops and a few others, although this rule is slowly being relaxed. Satellite TV services want a landline-like plug for their equipment to call them each night. It does work with some broadband phone systems. Your satellite service can still work without it, but you will most likely pay an extra charge. Reliability: Wired telephone services have come as close to 100% reliable as is practical. Their network has substantial power backup, redundant circuits and years to get it right. Alternatives are improving but their networks can vary significantly. Cell sites and other communications nodes have a limited amount of backup power. In an extended power outage, such as after a hurricane or snowstorm, the service may not work, leaving you with no service. Corded phones work in power failures. Cable phones also have a lower level of reliability. Sound Quality: Some alternative phones dont sound the same or as good as a landline. While your alternative phone may sound fine to you, it may be difficult for others. Also, some broadband phone services just dump their audio into the Internet resulting in widely varying data travel times giving you significant sound delays. Lack of Service: You may be in a location where there are no wireless broadband alternatives or may have poor cellular coverage. This might be rectified by adding a cell site to your home. Broadband Speeds: While there are some fairly fast wireless broadband connections, it may be some time before they will compare to wired or cable connections. Malfunctions: Cell sites can stop working for various reasons. Repairs often need to be made on site and may take time. Broadband services require one or more pieces of equipment at your house which you will need to fix if it fails. Wireline equipment can normally be repaired at the central office. Murphys Law says breakdowns will happen at the worst possible time. You Have No Backup: Unless you have an extra cellular phone, if something happens to your main phone or its associated equipment, or your account, you cant just plug another phone into the wall. Inconvenience: Some alternative services only offer a single jack for one phone. If you want service throughout the house you either must go wi-fi or cellular. Otherwise, plan on using the phone near your computer or router. With a cell phone you need to keep it close to you if your home is large or on multiple floors. It Might be Difficult to Get a Job: Some employers require a Local number to consider you for a position. While you can change your out-of-town portable number to something local, there goes your Number For Life. Surprise Costs. Since you normally pay for cellular by the minute, you might talk a lot more than you think. Savings may be less than you expected when calculated long term. Broadband carriers are not regulated like wireline services and could make changes that you dont expect. You Wont Be Listed in the Phone Book. Some directories let you to pay for a personal listing, but others use that as a way to keep you as a landline customer. Alarm systems. Most existing dial-up alarm systems dont work with broadband phone connections. There are other alarm alternatives, including wireless. You May Not Be Able to Send or Receive Faxes. In some cases, faxing is not an issue. In others, you cant just plug in your fax machine. A better choice is to to use a paperless, web-based service like eFax or MyFax. com. Low download limits Even the most generous of mobile broadband tariffs only offer a download allowance of 15GB per month, and that could set you back ? AÂ  month on a two-year contract, while typical value packages offer less than 5GB a month. High costs for exceeding your limit Most mobile broadband providers charge a fee when you exceed your download limit. This is normally several pence per MB and costs can very quickly add up if youre not careful. Always keep an eye on your usage. Slower connections Although suppliers might advertise speeds of up to 10 or 12Mb, mobile broadband speeds rarely exceed the average of around 1Mb. This, combined with the tight usage limits, makes mobile broadband unsuitable for large downloads. Coverage Most of the UK is covered by the 3G mobile network, but coverage can be patchy in some rural areas, with speeds significantly slower in some parts of the country, so you should always check coverage in your area before signing up. PROS OF FIXED LINE NETWORK Reliability Land line/fix line phones can be more reliable than their cellular counterparts. Disconnected cables can disable land lines, but these problems are easily remedied. On the other hand, cellular phones are plagued by several different issues because they rely on a network of radio waves, cellular towers and satellites. In some areas, cellular service is plagued by dropped calls and fuzzy reception. Emergencies The reliability of land line phones makes them advantageous when it comes to emergencies. For example, if someone is hurt and needs immediate medical care, you do not have to worry about contending with poor reception. Land lines also provide a fixed location that emergency responders can rush to. On a cell phone, you must state your address or describe your location, which wastes precious time during a crisis. Sponsored Links